The scope of work for this project includes: 1) emission inventory establishment (or updating) for dioxin and heavy metals; 2) field investigation or monitoring for stationary emission and the ambient environment; 3) drafting, reviewing or amending the emission standard; 4) providing the technique and administrative assistance for the EPA . The results of this project are described as below: The total dioxin emission in Taiwan area is estimated to be 85.6 g-TEQ in 2006. This is 35% less than 2005. The major pollution sources include the electric arc furnaces and sinter plants. As for the heavy metal parts, the total lead emission is estimated to be 9.13 metric tons, cadmium emission is 0.959 metric tons, mercury emission is 1.29 metric tons and arsenic emission is 3.647 metric tons in 2006. The major emission sources include the coal electric utilities, electric arc furnace, waste incinerators and cement kiln. As for the dioxin emission investigation, the existing dioxin emission standard for electric arc furnace is 0.5 ng-TEQ/Nm3, which has been effective since January 1, 2007. Based on the auditing data, Dragon Steel Ltd. did not comply with the emission standard. As for the heavy metals, this study intent to establish the local emission factors and investigate the existing situation in Taiwan. The coal industry boilers and the secondary non-ferrous smelters are two major targets in this project. Based on the investigation data, the emission concentration are far below current standard according to “Standard pollution source air pollutant emissions standards”. For the ambient dioxin monitoring, one monitoring station was selected for one city. The monitoring frequency is once every season. The results showed that the ambient dioxin concentration ranged from 0.003 pg I-TEQ/m3 to 0.217 pg I-TEQ/m3, the average concentration is 0.057 pg I-TEQ/m3. The Central air quality control area and the Yun-Chia-Nan air quality control areas were the two air quality control areas with higher ambient dioxin concentration. During the poor air quality season, the TaiChung county and TaiChung city were detected with higher ambient dioxin concentration. Based on the monitoring data, the ambient dioxin concentration in central and southern area is apparently varied with seasonal change. However, no apparent seasonal variation was observed in Northern area. For the ambient heavy metal monitoring, the 24-hours continuously samplers were set and PM10 samples were collected on pr-weighed glass fibre filter papers. Based on the monitoring results, the heavy metal concentration of Arsenic, Cadmium and Nickel are below the European ambient quality standard. Based on the monitoring data, the ambient heavy metal concentration in the Central, Yun-Chia-Nan, Hua-Dung, Kao-ping air quality control area is higher in winter compared with the numbers in summer. These results are consistent with the ambient dioxin monitoring. The heavy metal concentration in Northern did not varied by seasonal changes. According to technology feasibility, foreign legislation status and risk assessment, the draft ”Heavy metal emission standard of the ashes thermal refining facility for steel industry” was prepared. This recommends the mercury emission standard to be set at 0.05 mg/Nm3; and the dioxin deposition standard of peripheral boundary to be set at 100 pg TEQ/m2/day.

Dioxin, Heavy metal, Environmental Monitoring